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Parshat Balak - between two suns

This week's parashah /portion Balak can be found in the book of Bamidbar /Number 22:2-25:9. We read in the fifth chapter of Pirkei Avot  (the Ethics of the Fathers) that there were ten things which God created bein hashmashot - at twilight (literally, between the two suns). Though it does not specify which twilight, the Babylonian Talmud assumes that it is the twilight before the first Shabbat. In other words, these were the last things which God created prior to resting on the first Shabbat.  Each of the things created could be viewed as miracles which superseded the laws of nature in some way. Maimonides stated the reason for this text is to teach us that they were actually not defying the laws of nature. Rather, they were actually part of creation, created by God at that last mystical moment and then pre-programmed to occur or be used at a specific time. Being part of creation Maimonides could claim, in Aristotelean fashion, that the world never changes. The interesting thing a

Parshat Beshallach: Bringing About Our Redemption

     Covid-time related confusion took hold of me yesterday.       I posted my commentary on Parshat Bo, which I forgot to post last week, and did not post my commentary on this week's Torah portion. So here it is....a day late. Shabbat Shalom! ----------------------------------------------- This week's parashah is Beshallakh ( Exodus/Shemot 13:17-17:16 )  week's parashah is Beshalach. Pharaoh has not just allowed the Israelites to leave, but he almost forced them out of the land after the tenth plague, the death of the first born. Now they are standing on at the shore of the sea of Reeds waiting to see what comes next. Once again, Pharaoh has had a change of heart. Suddenly they see that him and all of Egypt's chariots bearing down upon them at the shore of the Sea of Reeds. The people are crying out to Moses in fear. His basic response is to tell them to watch as God performs a miracle for them. God then replies to Moses “Why are you crying out to me? Tell the Israel

Parshat Bo: Reconciliation, Repentance, and Redmption

This week parashah/portion is Bo (Exodus 10:1 - 13:16). In the beginning, God sends the eighth and ninth plagues, locusts and darkness, but Pharaoh still refuses to free the Israelite slaves. God then tells Moses that the 10th plague will be killing all the firstborn Egyptians. God commands each Israelite home to slaughter a lamb and spread the blood on their doorposts, in order to protect their firstborns. After the death of the firstborns, Pharaoh demands that the Israelites leave. Then God commands Moses “...have all the Hebrews ask the Egyptians for their objects of gold and silver. God disposed the Egyptians favorably toward the people. Moreover, Moses himself was much esteemed in the land of Egypt, among Pharaoh’s courtiers and among the people. (Exodus 11:2-11:3)” This last line implies that the Egyptian people willingly gave up their gold and silver when asked.  This passage has confused, interested and disturbed rabbis and scholars through the centuries. What is happening here

Parshat Shemot: From Pharaoh to President (a Response to this Past Week's Riots in Washington)

This week’s parashah is Shemot (Shemot/Exodus 1:1 - 6:1). Shemot means names and it begins with a list of the names of the Israelites who came to Egypt with Jacob after reuniting with his beloved son Joseph. The Israelites then multiply greatly in numbers until we are told that a new king/Pharaoh arose who did not know Joseph. He was afraid that the Israelites were becoming too powerful and so he enslaved them. Not remembering that their ancestor Joseph was the one who saved Egypt from famine he had no problem exercising his royal prerogative to do this. Why did Pharaoh fear the Israelites so much that he enslaved them? Perhaps it was not that he didn’t remember Joseph, but that he chose to erase him from history. Perhaps he intentionally desired to forget the past. He wanted to be in complete control. He wanted to be the only person the people thought about. And knew that the Israelites, not only because of their numbers, but because the people remembered their ancestor Joseph, were a

Parshat Vayishlakh: Showing Mercy....if when we don't want to!

This week’s parashah /portion is Vayishlach (Bereshit/Genesis 32:4-36:43) . It contains within three important central events in the narrative of the patriarchs and matriarchs of Bereshit /Genesis. First, Jacob prepares to reunite with his brother Esau decades after he had stolen his blessing and his birthright. The night before the reunion Jacob wrestles with a man/angel. At sunrise, before, before leaving Jacob, he blesses him and gives him the name Israel, meaning one who has struggled with the divine. Not long after this we read the disturbing incident of the rape of Dinah, Jacob’s only daughter. She is raped by Shechem, the regional prince,  who then asks to marry her, because he supposedly loves her.  Jacob and his sons agree to this on the condition that Shechem and all the men of his community agree to be circumcised. While they are recovering, her brothers Shimon and Levi lead an attack and slaughter Shechem and all the men of his community. They do so supposedly in defense of